Global Supply Chain Managment (Evaluating the supply chain Essay

Global Supply Chain Managment (Evaluating the supply chain implications for an organisation) - Essay Example Along with fulfilling the demand there must be the management of inventory where the inventory level is not that much as compare to the cost of holding the inventory rises. The business cycles are determined where there are booms and slumps and the ways that are integrated strategically to smoothen the business cycle. The implications of getting green chain and the strategies how the green chain can be followed are kept in mind. The benefits and the disadvantages of having a green chain along with the challenges faced in getting a green supply chain are discussed. The risks associated with the supply chain are elaborated and the sufficient measures along with strategies that can be followed to minimize the risks. The time associated with some of the factors that are applied in the supply chain in order to get benefit from it and how the benefit can be utilized is discussed. 1) The Beer Game For the better understanding of the supply chain where the phenomenon of buying and selling is elaborated, a game is observed. A beer company is made and the supply chain is created. The different factors of the supply chain are understood better when they were applied and the inventory level changed accordingly. It is basically about elaboration of demand and supply for the product creating the cause for change in the inventory level in the company. The inventory level was managed by the management of the company in such a way that they do not run out of stock. The proper management of the inventory and handling of the demand and supply shall impact the management of the inventory. The risks of not been able to fulfill the demand are associated with the inventory level where the company runs out of stock and the customers’ orders cannot be satisfied (Simon, et al., 2000). On the other hand where the demand of the product is not appropriately ascertained and the company holds much more inventories then needed and incurs a holding cost. The difficulties faced included the poor management of the inventory as a result of late orders and delays along with the poor estimate of the demand of the product. Supply Chain Behavior Theory The theory of supply management consists of three elements which are description, prescription and the identification of alleged trends which were completely ignored in the beer game hence causing issues to rise (John, et al., 2006). Supply chain management and purchasing are often termed as similar which is ambiguous. Supply chain management is a much wider term including the operation management and logistics that the company uses in order to rotate a complete business cycle from purchasing to selling. When the company shifts from descriptive to prescriptive, problems rise. The prescriptive is more like a prescription which involves the working characteristics of the supply chain management. The trends analyst considers co operations rather than competitions. The trend identification is better observed in measuring the p erformance of the various factors of the su

The British involvement Essay Example for Free

The British involvement Essay During the early stages of the airlift, the British committed around 150 C-47 Dakotas and 40 Avro Yorks to the cause of the airlift. The Dakotas and the Yorks were reinforced by 10 Short Sunderland and Short Hythe flying boats in July. By July 18, the Royal Air Force planes were already airlifting more than 5,000 tons of assorted supplies of goods every day. The flying boats were specifically used in transporting bulk salt because salt would have proven too corrosive when loaded in the other types of planes being used in the airlift. They were flying to the Havel river from their starting point at the Elbe near Hamburg. Sometime in November 1948, the British airlift fleet was further reinforced by several Handley Page Hastings aircraft. The Royal Air Force was able to land 100,000 tons of assorted supplies in Berlin by mid-December (Berlin Blockade). The Negotiations During the early days of the airlift, the allied forces were worried that it might eventually fail. So as an alternative, ambassadors from the Allied countries decided to negotiate with Stalin. During the negotiations, Stalin demanded that the Allies withdraw their Deutschmark and replaced by the eastern zone’s Ostmark. In addition, Stalin demanded that the future of Germany should again be taken up. However, the emissaries from the Allied camp told him that although they were open to negotiation as far as the issue of the currency was concerned, the future of Germany or specifically the creation of a West German state was non-negotiable. However, Stalin did not give in to the Allied demands because he sincerely believed that the Berlin Blockade would succeed and force the allies to negotiate. Even the United Nations attempted to mediate between the two camps to no avail (Wilde). However, although the airlift continued to be a success, Clay still saw a potential danger. He expressed his desire for a continued thrust towards achieving a diplomatic solution to the Berlin problem. According to him, the airlift would only â€Å"add to the prestige of the Western Powers as long as diplomatic avenues to gain a settlement continued. † His view was shared by Dean Acheson of the State Department. In fact, the State Department was already exercising an initiative of its own without informing even Clay in Germany about it for security reasons. The State Department initiative was anchored on Stalin’s remark which he made to Kingsbury Smith concerning the possibility of lifting the blockade. Based on said remark, a State Department initiative was started through private channels without the knowledge of the American officials in Berlin. It was also hidden from the French and British. Only President Truman, Dean Acheson, and selected officials of the Department of State knew of the initiative (Giangreco and Griffin [a]). Acheson chose Philip Jessup, then deputy chief of the United States Mission to the United Nations in New York to serve as his private channel. Jessup was given the instruction of discreetly contacting Jacob Malik, the United Nations representative of the USSR, and ask him whether â€Å"Stalin’s omission of the Berlin currency problem in his answer to Smith was significant. † The first contact between the two men took place on February 15, 1949, and after only a month, Malik informed Jessup that the omission was â€Å"not accidental. † Based on this response, discreet inquiries followed between the two men. They discussed the possible conditions that would influence Stalin to lift the blockade. According to Malik, a possible condition would be if a meeting of a Council of Foreign Ministers could be definitely scheduled for the purpose of discussing the German question in its entirety (Giangreco and Griffin [a]). Aside from the Jessup-Malik negotiation, several negotiations of critical importance were also going on during the early part of 1949. One of these concerned the pact creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). When the NATO pact was ready for signature, the foreign ministers of Great Britain and France went to Washington sometime during the first week of April, 1949 for the signing ceremony. It was only then and there that they were informed of the discussion which was taking place between Jessup and Malik. The two foreign ministers then gave their authority to Jessup to speak for their behalf. On April 5, Jessup advised Malik that the governments of the United States, Great Britain, and France were aware that their secret discussions only concerned two points. The first is the â€Å"simultaneous lifting of the blockade and counterblockade† imposed by the western powers. The other is the fixing of the Council of Foreign Ministers’ meeting aimed at discussing the German problem. However, Jessup also informed Malik that the preparations being made by the three countries for the creation of a West German state would not be postponed or suspended before the meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers could be held (Giangreco and Griffin [a]). On April 8, the Western Powers issued a communique concerning their agreement with regards the creation of West German state. Two days after this, Jessup was informed by Malik that it was the understanding of the USSR that the West German state would not be created â€Å"before or during the scheduled Council of Foreign Ministers meeting. † However, Jessup was instructed to reject as diplomatically as possible the interpretation of the USSR. However, part of his instruction was to inform Malik that if the USSR acted quickly, the provisional West German state could not yet be established before the meeting of the council, explaining that several steps would have to be taken before such a state could be established (Giangreco and Griffin [a]). The negotiation between Jessup and Malik continued throughout the last week of April. However, flare-ups occurred which threatened the diplomatic settlement to lift the blockade. For instance, the British wanted â€Å"specificity regarding the restrictions to be lifted and written agreement on Western Power access to Berlin. † The United States, on the other hand, with the support of the French, wanted the issuance of a â€Å"broad statement on lifting restrictions and silence on access. † The Americans did not want to be specific because of the experience of the Military Governor whose negotiation with the Russians during the early part of September of 1948 bogged down because of his insistence of specifics. After being made to understand of this risk, the British finally agreed to do away with the specifics (Giangreco and Griffin [a]).

Millennium Development Goals (MDG) for Education and Poverty

Millennium Development Goals (MDG) for Education and Poverty Wesley[LL1] Burkhart Education Development Education is essential in helping the lower developed countries strive [LL2]to catch up with the Western World. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), a set of goals aimed at helping the world’s poorest, consists of eight goals that can be accomplished with the use of education. These goals were developed in 2000 and established after the Millennium Summit of the United Nations as a target for 2015. Not all of the goals were accomplished by 2015, but there has been a great amount of progress achieved. Education has had an extreme impact on some of these goals, and if it is used correctly will help to solve the problems of the world’s poorest places. My goal is to explain these issues and how they can be resolved with the use of education. The first goal is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. This consists of a few sub-groups as well, but I will be more general with my explanation. Education promotes and inspires entrepreneurship, which helps to generate positive externalities like work, loans, businesses, ect. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) report that each additional year of schooling can increase an individual’s wages by 10% per year. This suggests after ten years an individual could be making one hundred times the amount they were a decade ago[LL3]! The use of education to teach the skills necessary to create complex markets has and will continue to help the less developed countries. The second goal, achieve universal primary education, obviously relates directly to education. This goal means children should go to school young and complete an appropriate amount of education, similar to what we do in the U.S. The UESCO reports, â€Å"Education provides knowledge and skills, encourages new behavior and increases individual and collective empowerment, education is at the center of social and economic development.† There are still over 50 million children out of school, but significant progress has been accomplished since 2000 when the number was much higher. Another important factor is reaching equity in education because over half of the 50 plus million children out of school are girls. Educating the children can help these future generations from making poor choices later in life, and it can serve as a gateway to better decision-making. Several factors, however, hinder the world from achieving this goal. Cultural differences inhibit many women from continui ng education because of lower marriage ages. Natural disasters also play a large part in preventing many places from providing education. It is critically important to solve this goal and help the poor â€Å"get on their feet.† The third goal is to promote gender equality and empower women. Equal schooling for boys and girls is probably the most effective policy for achieving all of the MDGs. The UNESCO reports, â€Å"Evidence shows a strong correlation between educating women and girls and an increase in women’searnings, improved child and family health and nutrition, an increase in school enrolment, protection against HIV infection, higher maternal and child life expectancy, reduced fertility rates and delayed marriage.† Increasing women’s earning can help to eliminate poverty. Improved health will help to prevent diseases, which is another MDG. Basically all the results from equal education of girls and boys directly impacts at least one aspect of every MDG. Goal four of the MDGs is to reduce child mortality. Research shows in numerous studies that education, specifically of women, significantly improves family health, nutrition, and reduces the number of children who die before the age of five. One study in the Philippines reveals that a mother with primary education lowers the child mortality rate by nearly fifty percent! Development is considered by many to be the key to solving all the problems. It is also said that reducing child fertility, by lowering child mortality, is the key to development, so one could say education is a key player in linking all of these factors together. Goal five focuses on improving maternal health. As mentioned previously, education is linked to improving maternal health. Educating the women is one of the best ways to prevent them from dying. The UNESCO reports, â€Å"The world’s most dangerous place to give birth is Niger, where women face a 1 in 7 chance in fatality.† Over half of a million women die each year in childbirth. Prenatal education can tremendously combat the chances of women dying in childbirth. This also improves the lives of the children and future generations. Goal six is to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases. Diseases like HIV/AIDS are responsible for multiple millions of deaths per year in lower developed countries. Educating the population about the diseases can help to prevent the chances of getting a disease or at least spreading the disease once contaminated. The example of the mosquito nets to protect inhabitants of malaria-infested locations is a prime example of how education can prevent the spread of diseases. In America public schools teaching sex education to the children has also been proven to lower the spread of diseases. Clearly education is essential in completing the spread of disease. The seventh goal is to ensure environmental sustainability. This is often thought of as ensuring that the future generations have at least the same or better quality of life as we currently do. This goal has made significant progress over the recent years with the help of education. The United Nations website states, â€Å"Between 1990 and 2012, 2.3 billion people gained access to improved drinking water sources.† Educating countries on proper allocation of resources, environmental problems, positive regulations, and much more will contribute to accomplishing this goal. [LL4] Goal eight was implemented to develop global partnerships for development. The UNESCO reports, â€Å"Aid for basic education in the world’s poorest countries came to only US$2.7 billion in 2007, a far cry from the $US16 billion needed annually to reach education-related development goals. Developing countries can also do more – by making education a priority. If low-income countries spent 0.7% of their GDP on education, it could make about US$7 billion available per year for basic education.† The United Nations countries do contribute aid to the developing countries, but only a few make their actual quota or above. Perhaps if all the nations would contribute the correct amount to education and the lower developed countries would correctly allocate their funds, the world would be on a faster pace of development[LL5]. Education will be a main driver in the forward progression of our planet, and it is imperative to the advancements of lower developed countries. The educated and more developed countries have a moral obligation to share the information with those who are less fortunate. If the worlds countries can communicate globally and effectively, the education necessary to develop, the planet will become a more advanced, safe, productive place to live. Works Cited http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all/education-and-the-mdgs/goal-8/ http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/global.shtml [LL1]Analysis is a bit short†¦ Had more room for critical/economic analysis of these solutions. A few minor grammatical issues. Organization is good. Missing discussion of alternative perspectives and costs†¦ Esp. worth discussing whether education along will be sufficient to propel developing nation’s economic growth upwards and whether this seems like a likely/practical solution to you (or other researchers). Another issue is that this appears to stem essentially from a single article and after reviewing that article this feels very much like a book report style of paper†¦ largely taking their ideas and reforming them†¦ without as much of your own critical analysis and/or competing ideas brought to bear. Grade: 78 [LL2]Help countries strive, or help countries increase economic growth? [LL3]Not sure about your math here†¦ maybe it’s just the way you worded it. Gains after 10 years of schooling? Would be more like 100% (or 2-times as much) if the data is accurate. [LL4]How to do this (how to education countries)? And what do you mean by these terms (e..g what is proper allocation of resrouces?)? [LL5]Good point/nice wording. But is this likely? Is there hope from any other avenue? Any other evidence that might suggest that growth will increase without this level of aid?

Fathering, An Option? :: essays research papers

Recently the issue whether lesbians or single women should have the right to the access of IVF treatment has brought about the argument of the importance of men in the task of rearing children. Fathers are being reduced to the role of only sperm donors and are consequently disregarded as an important factor in parenting. There is significant evidence that points to a range of benefits for children who have active fathers. These include *greater ambition, respect for the opposite sex, stronger sexual identity, higher self-esteem, better achievement at school, and fewer behavioral problems. It seems that these benefits have more to do with the importance of fathering roles than solely having a second person parenting. This seems like enough evidence to support the importance of fathers but lesbians and other single women still seem ready to take these benefits away from their own children. Men parent differently from women and also contribute differently to the development of their children. Fathers relate best through their activity with the children and generally derive different responses from their involvement. *Children usually associate their fathers with the activities they enjoy doing with them. From experience, I know how enjoyable it is to play sport with my dad. Rarely does my mother say â€Å"lets go out and kick the ball around†. These sporting skills that are obtained from playing sport with a father, aid in the acceptance from other children when playing sport. This can lead to a higher self-esteem and more enjoyment when it comes to participating in sport. Better outcomes for boys lie in getting them closer in contact with men. Research has shown that *the socialization process breaks down in children when they have little or no contact with men. This can adversely affect the child later on in life. Also, studies have shown that *boys prefer to be around men more than they do women. How many times have you heard young boys say they want to be just like their fathers? Fathers are usually considered their number one role model. By Fathers becoming close with children and showing them love and affection they are able to influence the children by showing them how to act towards others. It is important to note that men not only have positive effects on boys, but also the contribution to the development of girls. *Girls gain first hand knowledge of how the men around them think, feel, and act in their current environment. Fathering, An Option? :: essays research papers Recently the issue whether lesbians or single women should have the right to the access of IVF treatment has brought about the argument of the importance of men in the task of rearing children. Fathers are being reduced to the role of only sperm donors and are consequently disregarded as an important factor in parenting. There is significant evidence that points to a range of benefits for children who have active fathers. These include *greater ambition, respect for the opposite sex, stronger sexual identity, higher self-esteem, better achievement at school, and fewer behavioral problems. It seems that these benefits have more to do with the importance of fathering roles than solely having a second person parenting. This seems like enough evidence to support the importance of fathers but lesbians and other single women still seem ready to take these benefits away from their own children. Men parent differently from women and also contribute differently to the development of their children. Fathers relate best through their activity with the children and generally derive different responses from their involvement. *Children usually associate their fathers with the activities they enjoy doing with them. From experience, I know how enjoyable it is to play sport with my dad. Rarely does my mother say â€Å"lets go out and kick the ball around†. These sporting skills that are obtained from playing sport with a father, aid in the acceptance from other children when playing sport. This can lead to a higher self-esteem and more enjoyment when it comes to participating in sport. Better outcomes for boys lie in getting them closer in contact with men. Research has shown that *the socialization process breaks down in children when they have little or no contact with men. This can adversely affect the child later on in life. Also, studies have shown that *boys prefer to be around men more than they do women. How many times have you heard young boys say they want to be just like their fathers? Fathers are usually considered their number one role model. By Fathers becoming close with children and showing them love and affection they are able to influence the children by showing them how to act towards others. It is important to note that men not only have positive effects on boys, but also the contribution to the development of girls. *Girls gain first hand knowledge of how the men around them think, feel, and act in their current environment.

Parental Filters on the Internet Essay

Technology, often defined as the application of science, was basically the crafts practiced by unschooled artisans (McClellan, 2006). Technologies had tangibly affected the people’s way of living, since these are made to improve their quality of life. Its existence was completely evident on how our ancestors developed simple choppers into fine blades, and later on, discovered the utilization of fire. One of the present discoveries was the Internet, which gradually diminished the barrier between communications. It served as a gateway of people all over the globe into the social scene. As perceived by Gralla (1998), Internet is the purest form of electronic democracy—where no single person, group or organization runs the Internet. It was made possible through computers interconnected with each other, sharing common information. These computers range from personal to government-owned databases, both local and international, to academic and business-oriented computers. A telephone, a modem, and a computer of course, are needed in able to connect to the Internet. Once you are connected to the Internet, your computer becomes an extension: another linkage on the Internet. Though the Internet was first used as a defense project of the United States, the Internet had evolved into being the newest kind of media. And eventually, it was used in schools, workplaces and businesses as well. It was able to help students in their home works, or catch up with the lessons they missed, and everybody’s favorite—social networking. As for professionals, the Internet enabled them to conduct video conferences, giving people who aren’t able to attend a certain meeting at ease. The Internet helped entrepreneurs as well, in finding the best products the community wants today, as well as providing on-line service with its customers. However, despite of all these good application of Internet, we cannot deny the fact that there are people who upload gore, violence and other explicit content. Though every information shared over the Internet has its own target audiences, parents should be literate enough to regulate and filter information their children are about to view. Parents, in the first place, are the one who thought their children to speak and communicate. Internet is the one that thought students to communicate and explore beyond extent. But parents are parents; they own their child and internet doesn’t. Internet can change someone but their parents can still control them. But still, as members of the society, we have to be responsible of what we access on the Internet, concerning especially the children. Kids these days spend more time on the Internet as much as our age does, which is very alarming, since this triggers children in accessing restricted material. Even social networking sites are surrounded with pedophiles and sexual predators, waiting for its prey to be devoured. Assuming that majority of the respondents control and filter their children’s use of the Internet, this study seeks to answer the forms of mechanisms utilized by every parent in a particular household, and its significance to child protection. Background of the Study As what Anne Frank stated, â€Å"Parents can only give good advice or put them on the right paths, but the final forming of a person’s character lies in their own hands.† In this quote, it is evident that parents are meant to support their children in forming their personalities in any aspect of his life. In the Philippine context, it is believed that if a person possesses good traits, it was because he was raised by his parents well. A parent may vary from another parent in raising a child, but the main point in here is that, every single parent shapes their children in the way they wanted them to be. Diana Baumrind, a clinical psychologist, conducted a research study in 1960’s on the linkages of parenting styles, and its effects on 100 preschool-aged children. Using naturalistic observation, parental interviews and other research methods, she had identified four important dimensions of parenting (Cherry, 2011) namely: Authoritarian Parenting, Authoritative Pare nting, Permissive Parenting and lastly, Uninvolved Parenting. Among the four parenting styles Baumrind had identified, Authoritarian Parenting has high regards of their children, as well as their expectations. When these expectations aren’t met, punishment is likely to be followed. Children raised this way tend to be more furious outdoors, or lack self-esteem. Contrary to that, Authoritative Parenting still has its own rules to follow, but the difference is that, no punishment is inflicted, and thus nurtured instead. While Permissive Parenting practices no disciplinary actions at all, thus creating an environment filled with love. However, children raised this way, more often than not, are stubborn in nature. Uninvolved Parenting means no parenting at all, meaning they do not support them through their endeavors, but strictly comply with their needs. Children have the tendency to be more anxious than the usual, and exhibit more delinquency or drug abuse. (Cherry, 2011) In relation to our study, parenting plays the vital role in shaping their children, not only in their behaviors, but also within the context of Internet dilemmas. Indeed, the Internet can be both good and bad in general. It can help children in doing their researches and improve their knowledge within a particular lesson, but at the same time, there will be a tendency that they will depend too much on what Internet has to offer—which is unhealthy, since not all information shared over the internet are true and reliable. It can reconnect their long lost friends, and discover new friends through social networking, but it could also expose them to the danger of meeting strange new people online. Since the Internet has a wide array of information, it can satisfy one’s curiosity regarding a certain topic, but into what extent? Internet, in this modern day, serves as a key or a portal through everything that this world has. People recognize its use in a good and bad way. In a recent study conducted by Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication from February to April year 2009, it showed that 74% have access to the Internet. Most of the respondents came from Visayas and Metro Manila. The respondents include grade school pupils 10-12 old, and high school students 13-17 old. The children in both subgroups basically use the Internet for email, connecting with friends, participating in e-groups and social networks. Though these types of activities are considered ‘safe’, it is actually not. Cyber-bullying has been rampant in the airwaves, as well as pornography and other explicit content. Pornography can be generally defined as erotic depictions intended to provoke a sexual response (Casanova, 2000). It can exist in many forms, including videos, films, stills, and even comics. High school students are definitely aware of this at a young age, it is because their minds are preoccupied with curiosity thus, filling their satisfaction to know and explore through the world of internet. However, with proper guidance and regulation of parents on how their children utilize the Internet, we can still shape these children the way they should be. To keep them safe from the detrimental effects Internet has to bring upon. Be it physically, mentally, socially, sexually, psychologically or even spiritually. Media, especially social media, has gradually changed the youth’s social and emotional cognition to its environment. How a child interacts with the people around him is greatly affected with his exposure with the media (Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication, 2010). In a study conducted by Kraut (1998), the social effect of the Internet is a bit similar with television, but greater use of the Internet is statistically significant into declining of social involvement. It greatly affects the social circle he belongs to, his social contact, and social communication. Another is that, Liwag (2007) stated that Internet has the capacity to erode authority structures. This means that children might be accepting parental authority. Getting into the physical context, children that are more exposed to Internet use, had a great impact on their lifestyles. Children sleep well beforehand, but since they got hooked with the Internet, their daily routine had tangibly changed. Liwag (2007) explained that many adolescents are into health-compromising habits and sedentary lifestyle. (Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication, 2010) With the cases mentioned above, we, the researchers remain persistent in knowing what Filipino parents do, and have to do in order to diminish these cases for them not to experience. Theoretical Framework The study being proposed will adapt two mass communication theories. The first one is the Elaboration Likelihood by created by Richard E Petty and John T Cacioppo and the second one is the Social Judgment Theory that was developed by Muzafer Sherif and Carl Hovland. Elaboration Likelihood A popular model used as a principle in persuasion work is the Elaboration Likelihood Model created by Richard E Petty and John T Cacioppo. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) states that there are two routes through which persuasive messages are processed: the central route and the peripheral route. Developed in 1980, this relatively new persuasion model attempts to â€Å"explain how a persuasive message works to change the attitude of the receiver† (Moore, 2001). Central and peripheral routes: both are effective styles of persuasion techniques, but each one has strategies and guiding principles to make it more effective. Understanding the two routes of persuasion discussed in the Elaboration Likelihood Model is vital to the persuasion process. Messages sent via the central route of persuasion must be straight-forward and complete. The central route consists of â€Å"thoughtful consideration of the arguments (ideas, content) in the message† (Benoit et al., 2001). The receiver carefully scrutinizes the message and evaluates the subject matter of the idea. Messages sent through this route must possess a high level of receiver involvement, that is, the receiver must actually care about and be related to the subject. Because it is of importance to them, the message will be evaluated thoroughly. Central route messages must be strong. The message is going to be dissected and analyzed from every angle, so it had better have some substance to it. The peripheral route of persuasion is successful for messages with low receiver involvement, low receiver motivation, and weak messages. Unlike the central route persuasion, messages sent via the peripheral route are not processed cognitively. Rather, the peripheral route states that â€Å"if a person is unable to elaborate on a message extensively, then she may still be persuaded by factors that have nothing to do with the actual content of the message itself† (Moore, 2001). According to Professors Dean Kruckeberg and Ken Starck, â€Å"the dominant public view of public relations, in fact, is one of persuasive communication actions†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wilcox et al., 2003, p.214). It is suggested that attitudes formed under high elaboration, the central route, are stronger than those formed under low elaboration. This means that this level of persuasion is stable over time and is less susceptible to decay or any type of counter-persuasion. Attitudes formed under low elaboration, the peripheral route, are more likely to cause a short term attitude change. The ELM is based on the idea that attitudes are important because attitudes guide decisions and other behaviors. While attitudes can result from a number of things, persuasion is a primary source. Model Social Judgment Theory This theory of attitude change was developed by Muzafer Sherif and Carl Hovland and later by Carolyn Sherif. As its name suggests, it is a model of judgment, which means that it declares that the audience interprets (judges) a message. Specifically, a listener judges how much the message agrees or disagrees with his or her own attitude. Second, Social Judgment theory holds that a listener’s involvement in the topic of the persuasive message – that is, how important a topic is to a listener – is an important factor in attitude change. Given a range of possible positions about given subject, people may have a range of opinions, but will have an anchor position. As this is often tied to people’s sense of identity, it is seldom possible to change it. The latitude of acceptance are those positions which are acceptable. The latitude of non-commitment are those positions which are neither accepted nor rejected. The latitude of rejection are positions which will be actively opposed. We can observe that one person can think a summer day is hot while another believes it is only pleasantly warm. Two friends can see the same movie and one will like it and the other will hate it. And two people can hear the same persuasive message but have quite different reactions to it. Social Judgment theory explains how two people can react so differently to the very same message. The reason why people gave different answers is that they had different comparison points or anchors and also because of their ego involvement. Each listener or reader judges the main idea of the message, how much it agrees or disagrees with him or her, by comparing the message with his or her anchor point, which in Social Judgment theory is his or her existing attitude on the message topic. Model: Conceptual Framework Elaboration Likelihood The researchers formulated a model of dual routes of persuasion to explain the situation being studied. The illustration shows the how, the what, and the predicted outcome of parents’ response to control their children’s internet access. The model will start from message that will be coming from the parents. Then the message will proceed to the audience factor—which is the children. There are two possibilities from which the message might flow. There will be a possibility of having high motivation and ability to think of the message or possess low motivation and ability to think of the message. In that process, it will show the parents to think of the control mechanism they will be using whether it could be a high or a low factor. Then the third process will be the processing approach which will show the style of approach the parents can be used. The last part of the process would be the persuasion outcome. Through that process we can infer if the outcome the parents had executed to control their children’s access had been a persuasive message in changing the children’s access to internet. In that case, the parents are expected to research and apply these mechanisms in controlling their children’s internet access. Eventually, there will be an element of dissatisfaction that will trigger their train of thought to try all of control mechanisms if possible. Each control mechanism has its own style that could or could not be persuasive or effective. Just like in the adopted theory of Elaboration Likelihood, that there are two techniques of persuasion and both of it are effective styles, but each one has strategies and guiding principles to make it more effective. Understanding the two routes of persuasion discussed in the Elaboration Likelihood Model is vital to the persuasion process. Conceptual Model: Social Judgment The Social Judgment theory in this study will focus on the children’s response or their involvement in the control mechanisms of their parents. Whether they will accept it, reject it or there is no potential commitment. As the conceptual model illustrates, it will start to the parent’s control mechanism. Afterwards, children will assess it depending on their level of ego-involvement and on their own anchor points. Lastly, it is their choice if they will accept it, reject it or just don’t commit at it. Not all children will have the same involvement because of their different attitudes or their ego involvement and anchor points. Conceptual Model: Statement of the Problem What are the mechanisms utilized by parents in controlling their children’s access to the internet and its significance to child protection? Objectives of the Study 1. To present the profile of the respondents in terms of: a. Demographic b. Economic 2. To know the different Internet sites that children usually view. 3. To identify the different control mechanisms used by parents in controlling their children’s internet access. 4. To determine the factors affecting the parents to control children’s access in the internet. 5. To determine if controlling children’s Internet usage will change their behavior towards Internet. Significance of the Study: To Parents and Teachers Association (PTA) With the collaboration of parents and teachers, this study would help them discuss with each other the action they should do if ever they will make a project plan regarding internet and children. They could be able to make different programs and seminars of how to handle their children and what to do in order to control children’s internet access. To the parents In accordance to the result of this study, parents will become attentive of what tends their children to visit such sites. If that happens, they could determine and counter-attack those factors with the proper and effective way of controlling their children’s internet access. They could also change their old mechanism in filtering their child’s internet use at least to refrain their child’s exposure on restricted sites. To the teachers Since teachers are correlated and influential with the shaping of the knowledge of students, with this study, they could serve as a bridge on the proper way of introducing internet world as an educational tool especially computer teachers. They should explain to students the main purpose of internet, the proper attitude towards internet access—their limitations, do’s and don’ts, To children, to students With the result of the study, children are hoped to see internet as a purposeful and educational one. They would gradually decrease their access on the internet abusively especially restricted sites. And to be able to understand that there is always a right time for everything. To the researchers and future researchers With the instrumentation, recommendations, conclusions and the study as whole, future researchers wanting to pursue a study like this would be a big help in producing another research or study in line with the topic. Their study could be an action towards the guidelines on filtering internet. Hypotheses: With the study, the following hypotheses are used: 1. With the objectives of the study, researchers expect the following: a. Parents in the lower class family are those who aren’t knowledgeable about the internet b. Parents in the middle class family are those who quite knowledgeable about internet c. Parents who are in the higher class family are those who are more knowledgeable about the internet. 2. The following sites are what children’s usually visit on the internet (in random order): Social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Youtube and Multiply d. Online games e. Restricted and malicious sites f. Sites for educational purposes such as ebooks, forums, online classrooms 3. Parents usually control their children’s internet access with the set of rules and regulations given on them such as time limitations, reminding them the proper use of internet, securing their child by filtering the internet etc. 4. Bad effects children affecting their scholastic records, children’s nasty view of real world, effects of unwanted websites inappropriate of children’s age such as pornographic sites, print and broadcast media and hearsays of internet’s harm to children are the factors affecting parents to control children’s access on the internet. 5. Children become more at ease, curious and the more they are controlled, the more they are spending long duration of time on their use of internet. Limitations of the Study This study entitled, â€Å"PARENTAL FILTERS ON THE INTERNET: THE MECHANISMS UTILIZED BY PARENTS IN CONTROLLING THEIR CHILDREN’S ACCESS TO INTERNET†, concentrates on the practices, tools or guidelines used by parents in controlling and protecting their children with the potential harms that internet contains. This study focuses only in Manila, in which the researchers systematically selected four High Schools from the locality. The schools, those researchers had chosen, are Malate High School, St. Anthony School, Dona Teodora Alonzo High School, and Villamor High School. The parents will be the main respondents of the study, coming from the Parents and Teachers Association or PTA in the selected schools respectively. The researchers are limited to take 100 respondents from all the parents in those selected four schools. These 100 respondents will be coming from the PTA members. Due to lack of resources, we would trim down the number of the PTA population to 100. The age bracket of students in the chosen high schools is roughly from twelve years old to sixteen years old. These students are the source where we can gather information from the parent. Considering these students have basic knowledge on computer and browsing internet—same goes with parents. This research study is only limited on the students, as it should, who use computer and access internet. This entails the effects getting or absorbing by the students, whether it’s good or bad. The bad effects of internet to students can be in physical and in mental condition. Operational Definition This part contains words with corresponding definition used by the researchers throughout their understanding and limitation. This serves as the researchers’ own dictionary only in important and primary terms. This also serves as the guiding tool to better understanding to this study. Students Students refer to the students who are enrolled and studying on the systematically selected four schools in Manila. These are the students who have, at least, basic knowledge in using computer and accessing and browsing the internet.

Personal Opinion of Human Psychology and Dr Buscaglia essays

Personal Opinion of Human Psychology and Dr Buscaglia essays The questions posed to me are what I think of Human Psychology and the views of Dr. Buscaglia. My answers are no where near as easy as the questions. I don't know very much about Human Psychology, but from what I do know I think it is a great way to learn about people. I feel this way because I believe the self is a very important part of life. Dealing with a persons troubles in a conscious way will help them learn to deal with it on their own. On the later subject I am very well informed. I saw this video once in High School and it still gives me goose bumps. I do agree with Dr. Buscaglia on his views. His ideas sound wonderful, but we must be realistic. Our world doesn't work that way. Some people are really nice and do care, but others love pity. They play on others to build themselves up. Love is a gift and should be cherished, but I do believe that it would take ages to create the kind of love he is talking about. It is a very slim chance that it will ever happen. If you look, throughout history, as long as there have been people there has been hate. Those rotten few have and will always ruin it for the rest. It is not their fault, not their parent, grandparent and so on. Its human nature to hate crave greed lust and other such sins. We dont mean to be like that its just the way we are. There is no good without evil, no light without dark, and no love without . If our species accepts that, we might be able to get a foothold on true love. ...

Retirement and old age Essays

Retirement and old age Essays Retirement and old age Essay Retirement and old age Essay Retirement and old age Many people choose to retire when they are eligible for private or public pension benefits, although some are forced to retire when physical conditions no longer allow the person to work any more (by illness or accident) or as a result of legislation concerning their position. Nowadays most developed countries have systems to provide pensions on retirement in old age, which may be sponsored by employers and/or the state. In many poorer countries, support for the old is still mainly provided through the family. In many western countries this right is mentioned in national onstitutions. The standard retirement age varies from country to country but it is generally between 50 and 70 (according to latest statistics, 2011). The list includes 91 countries, home to 89 percent of the worlds elderly. Sweden tops the list, followed by Norway and Germany. It is interesting to note that Japan, where the annual event of elderly people honouring became a national holiday half a century ago, only Just reaches the top ten. Also, Austria, which in a similar, recent survey by Forbes, was at the top of their list, was not included in this survey at all. Our country occupied 60th osition, ahead of Poland, Serbia, Ukraine, Moldova and Russia. The most uncomfortable countries for the elderly to be living are Pakistan, Tanzania and Afghanistan. The study shows that the indicator of GDP per capita is a poor one for elderly people. For example, poorer countries like Mauritius and Sri Lanka are high up on the list thanks to their progressive social policies, whilst the USA, with all its riches, is only in eighth place. Experts took into account, not only the income of those who are over 60, but also their state of health, education, employment, favourable environment and their social activity. The number of people of honourable age is growing, and by 2050 there will be more than 2 billion of them. According to forecasts, the amount of elderly people in Belarus will reach 28 percent in the next 12 years. The youngest people, teenagers, people in their 20s, are the least happy bunch. Theres a lot of uncertainty and you are forming your identity and youre not really sure who you are. You might not have the confidence that you have when youre older. But the surveys show that people tend to get happier as they get older and that peak happens fairly late. By DianaSea

Free Essays on Gambling in Baseball

DATE RAPE 90 percent of all rapes are never reported; in those that are reported about 60% of the victims know their assailants. Approximately 7,000 students on 32 campuses and found that one in eight women were the victims of rape. One in every twelve men admitted to having forced woman to have intercourse or tried to force a woman to have intercourse through physical force; that is, admitted to raping or attempting to rape a woman. Virtually none of these men, however, acknowledged to themselves that they had been raped. How Does Date Rape Usually Occur? Typically when a woman is alone with a man. Alcohol and drugs. Mixed signals. Acquaintance rape is often spontaneous, but many are planned, some days in advance. What You Can Do to Avoid Situations That Might Lead to Date Rape Examine your feelings about sex. Set sexual limits. Decide early if you would like to have sex. Do not give mixed messages; be clear. (Say â€Å"yes† when you mean â€Å"yes† and â€Å"NO† when you mean NO. Be alert to other unconscious messages you may be giving. Be forceful and firm. Be independent and aware on your dates. Do not do anything you do not want to just to avoid a scene or unpleasantness. Be aware of specific situations in which you do not feel relaxed and in charge. If things start to get out of hand, be loud in protesting, leave, go for help. Trust your gut-level feelings. Be aware that alcohol and drugs are often related to acquaintance rape. Avoid falling for such lines as â€Å"You would if you loved me.† If you are unsure of a new acquaintance, go on a group or double date. Have your own transportation, if possible, or taxi fare. Avoid secluded places where you are in a vulnerable position. Be careful when you invite someone to your home or you are invited to his home. Examine your attitudes about money and power. Think about the pros and cons of dating much older men. Socialize with people who share your... Free Essays on Gambling in Baseball Free Essays on Gambling in Baseball DATE RAPE 90 percent of all rapes are never reported; in those that are reported about 60% of the victims know their assailants. Approximately 7,000 students on 32 campuses and found that one in eight women were the victims of rape. One in every twelve men admitted to having forced woman to have intercourse or tried to force a woman to have intercourse through physical force; that is, admitted to raping or attempting to rape a woman. Virtually none of these men, however, acknowledged to themselves that they had been raped. How Does Date Rape Usually Occur? Typically when a woman is alone with a man. Alcohol and drugs. Mixed signals. Acquaintance rape is often spontaneous, but many are planned, some days in advance. What You Can Do to Avoid Situations That Might Lead to Date Rape Examine your feelings about sex. Set sexual limits. Decide early if you would like to have sex. Do not give mixed messages; be clear. (Say â€Å"yes† when you mean â€Å"yes† and â€Å"NO† when you mean NO. Be alert to other unconscious messages you may be giving. Be forceful and firm. Be independent and aware on your dates. Do not do anything you do not want to just to avoid a scene or unpleasantness. Be aware of specific situations in which you do not feel relaxed and in charge. If things start to get out of hand, be loud in protesting, leave, go for help. Trust your gut-level feelings. Be aware that alcohol and drugs are often related to acquaintance rape. Avoid falling for such lines as â€Å"You would if you loved me.† If you are unsure of a new acquaintance, go on a group or double date. Have your own transportation, if possible, or taxi fare. Avoid secluded places where you are in a vulnerable position. Be careful when you invite someone to your home or you are invited to his home. Examine your attitudes about money and power. Think about the pros and cons of dating much older men. Socialize with people who share your...

The Effects of Disasters on Turkeys Economic Development Term Paper

The Effects of Disasters on Turkeys Economic Development - Term Paper Example The country has an approximate population of 63million people, which is largely young and expanding. It is the largest in terms of landmass in the entire Western Europe region with its economy ranked as one of the largest emerging in the world at number sixteen. The World Bank recently rated the country’s economy among the ten promising ones that may join the top economies category of the world (World Bank 27). The country follows a liberal economic policy based on free market and international orientation principled and has maintained an average economic growth of more than 5% over the last two decades. The various sectors of the economy include industry, which is highly developed and the top driver of the economy with world –wide standards of production. It has several subsectors that include; iron and steel, glass and cement manufacture, sugar production, electronics and defence, agriculture machinery and inputs and textiles processing. The agriculture sector is also a leading foreign exchange earner besides making the country food reliant. It approximately accounts for up to 20% of the country’s GNP besides being one of the leading employers especially for the rural society. It was one of the hardest hit by the 1999 earthquakes leading to sharp decline in its contribution to the GDP, losing to the industrial sector.

Staffing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Staffing - Essay Example The criteria of selecting and recruiting personnel have changed over time for several reasons. In the context of this work, entertainment industry and its characteristic social dynamism is to be taken into consideration. The consumer community in the industry and the business environment in general demand more that the services. Efficiency, reliability and ethics are closely observed by the consumers. In that respect, the firm under question needs to reconsider its staffing policies and human resource practices. Key plans are important to achieve desired goals in the organization. The observed industry trends requires strategic plan towards staffing to meet the multivariate societal needs. Movie theater/entertainment industry is extensively associated with the emerging information and communication technology. In that respect, an informed internet based recruitment process would serve multiple roles in getting the best staff (Sears, 2003). In this plan, the following steps are key. This staffing plan constitutes a less costly and accurate online screening technique. It ensures that individuals who fail to meet the preliminary minimum qualification requirements are bundled out. This will help the firm to remain with the cream of the potential recruits. Such a plan would offer highly qualified potential organization staff besides incorporating the concept of interne knowledge and application among the staff. The competency level of an individual may not accurately be developed through mere presentation of credentials. Entertainment industry requires staff with ability to express themselves and make clear communication to fellow staff and customers (Bechet, 2008). In that regard, the actual potential of a recruit relies on ability to communicate effectively through written and spoken language of choice. In this regard, the following plan is appropriate. The combined outcome of such oral and written interview

Condition monitoring, fault diagnosis, fault classification or fiding Dissertation

Condition monitoring, fault diagnosis, fault classification or fiding fault for machenary - Dissertation Example In recent years, there has been a growing trend to introduce more intelligent methods in order to deal with condition monitoring and fault classification for machines (Mills, 2010). The realm of artificial intelligence and its application may be infant as yet but still involves the application of various methods and techniques for achieving desired ends. The current research will look into various artificial intelligence methods that have been applied to the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for a reciprocating air compressor based on emerging and already developed methods and techniques. 1.2 Artificial IntelligenCe Based Methods It is possible to solicit problems in plant machinery using vibration signals that can be processed to reveal a multitude of information relating to the machine and its components as well as their operation (Wang & Chen, 2011). Given that condition monitoring and diagnosis relies largely on vibration feature analysis, it is important to extract the vi bration signals at every state change that the machine experiences (Lin & Qu, 2000) (Wang & Chen, 2007). Extracting vibration features can often be difficult since the measured vibration patterns tend to contain a large amount of noise that must be filtered out (Wang & Chen, 2011). ... The application of these techniques would allow for both pattern recognition as well as automated fault diagnosis. A number of different researches have been carried out in order to deal with condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of plant machinery that relies on discriminating fault types from a common pool of fault types based on the available vibration data. Theoretically, such an approach may make a lot of sense but practical application of such techniques is hindered by ambiguous diagnosis problems. It is possible that first layer symptoms may be similar for a number of different faults and it is also possible that first layer symptoms may have similar values in different states. The situation is complicated by the fact that there are no definite relationships between symptoms and fault types for plant machinery. The added complexity of plant machinery and the various interacting components means that the overall fault states are enormous to say the least. It is not possible to rely on one or on a number of different symptom parameters that could be utilised to track down faults, supposing that each fault occurs independent of others. This situation is complicated all the more when faults tend to occur simultaneously and the application of theoretical frameworks tends to fail altogether or in large part (Mitoma et al., 2008) (Wang & Chen, 2008). A number of different methods and techniques have been applied in recent researches in order to solicit vibration feature extraction and analysis for accurate and reliable condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. These techniques and methods could be classified as (Wang & Chen, 2011): wavelet transform; rough sets; neural networks; sequential fuzzy inference;

Strategy management - HBR Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategy management - HBR Article - Essay Example Companies which gained economies of scale across the borders have been encountered with a strategic shift where a company needs to adapt to the local conditions. Demand would be low for many years and companies needs to be well aware of the emerging competitors and constantly upgrade its reputation. The developing countries provides the best opportunity for companies but now the companies needs to focus more on customized products for that segment of richer countries that are underserved. This would facilitate more of product innovation at lower prices. The companies would even need to manage a diverse work force that would require more investments in new communication technologies and a powerful corporate identity. Any strategy formulation is done by a company in order to gain competitive advantage in the competitive business environment. There exits certain criteria’s that needs to incorporated in the process of strategy formulation. These criteria’s are based on market and products, operations and innovation, people and organization, and identity and reputation. The strategy formulated should encompass the factors of identification of emerging market competitors, investment in appropriate positions, and adaptability to the local differences (Clarke, Bennison and Guy, 1994, pp. 11-20). The component of market and products focus on those segments in every other country that is underserved, the price pressures should be recognized carefully so that the strategy do not only encompass premium pricing strategies rather the prices should be set on the basis of competition and the purchasing power of the consumers of the particular market segment, and addition of more innovative variet ies in the product offerings (Acur and Bititci, 2004, pp. 388-408). The operations and innovation factor deals with simplification of the supply chain activities, exploring the opportunity of off-shoring activities, shift the R&D activities where there exist the market

Value at Risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Value at Risk - Essay Example Risk management methods and nature varies from industry to industry like it can't be same for project management, industrial process and financial portfolios. From a management view point, risk management is an important tool which is used in decision making because it is systematic and well structured. For better utilization of risk management in management's decisions, risk analyst's reports must be based on the latest and best available information. The cause behind the mentioning of the Chinese proverb above is that risk management is the only tool which differentiates a good management with a bad one. From a bank's standpoint the term is usually used synonymously with specific uncertainty because the usage of statistics allows us to quantify the uncertainty which is called the measure of dispersion (Shirref, 2004). We know that every country have mostly two regulators on their heads, one for the banks and one for the companies. Usually Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulates the companies while the Reserve bank regulates the financial institutions. Bank of International Settlement is the regulator of the regulators. From the same concept there is another regulator which regulates the financial institutions risk management department regarding the capital requirement and capital adequacy ratio. The name of the regulator is Basel Accord. Let's see in detail, what Basel accord has in its regulation. FROM ORIGIN OF BASEL TILL IMPLEMENTATION: Basel was an attempt to reduce the quantity of bank failures in a country, due to the insufficient capital which ties a bank's Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) to the risk of the loan Bank's makes. In 1988, The Basel Committee for Banking Supervision (BCBS) did the first attempt to implement such methods worldwide, which enhance the risk absorption power of the banks. Basel I was the initial or first set of capital requirement for all actively international banks because it sets charges for the credit risk which is known as crude capital charges. It instituted for the first time the requirement of minimum capital which must be held by the international banks to avoid the financial risk. In 1980, credit risk was the dominant player in risk class for banks but by the early 1990s, banks became more anxious to be a part of the capital market and for those markets which are larger and more liquid, and to play their role, and they did that. The significance and importance of risk then arose in the banks, but the Basel I merely emphasized on the credit risk. To overcome the risk of all traits, a new framework was desperately required to make the risk calculation and reporting more sophisticated. The BCBS agreed upon the market risk amendments in 1996 from there the concept of Basel II was born (Reuvid, 2008). Initially, the capital charges were based on definite standards, defined by the BCBS,

The CEO of WRSX Has Asked You to Write a Short Educational Piece That Essay

The CEO of WRSX Has Asked You to Write a Short Educational Piece That Will Be Given to the Board Of Directors - Essay Example They operate in United States, Europe as well as in Asia pacific. In a survey conducted on the marketing communications and advertising industry the score of the company was below average. Though the customer retention and attraction capability of the company is pretty good, but in other areas of business the performance of the company is not attractive for the investors. This report is an attempt to analyze the reasons of underperforming of the shares of WRSX group and recommend about the changes that may be undertaken by the company management to gain more market shares. The researcher will conduct internal analysis of the company and describe the benefits of internal analysis to the board of directors of the company. Internal Analysis For conducting the internal analysis of the company the researcher will use the SWOT analysis tool and the resource based view analysis (Snell and Bohlander, 2012, pp.53-54). Resource Based View The resource based view analysis of a company is conduc ted to analyze the resources available to the company which can be profitable when it is used strategically. For analyzing this, VRIN framework has been made by the researchers. This framework identifies the valuable, rare, in-imitable and non substitutable resources of the company (helfat, 2007, p.45). For the resource based view analysis the VRIO framework is used to identify the valuable resources and utilized them at their best (Peng, 2008, p.71). The analysis of WRSX using the VRIN framework is as follows. Valuable: The valuable asset of the company is the capability of the team to perform locally. They understand the local customer needs more. Rare: The capability of the company to attract the customers and retain them is the best in the concerned industry (Sanchez, 2008, p.34). This capability will provide them above average return if they use the resources strategically. In-imitable: There are no such in-imitable resources of the company. Other companies in the industry can imitate these resources available to them (McKinney, 2008, p.2). As the advertising and marketing communications is a fast moving industry, so there is enough chance for the company management to develop such resources. Non-Substitutable: The non-substitutable nature of the asset of a company means that the company owns such asset that cannot be imitated by the competitors by any means, and meet the customer needs (Carter, Clegg and Kornberger, 2011, p.87). WRSX doesn’t have such assets which can be substituted by some other asset. Though the company has some valuable resources but they are not using those strategically at present. SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis of the company is a popular tool for the analysts as it describes the strength, weakness, opportunities and threat of the company (Handlechner, 2008, p.10). Using this tool the management of the company can improve in the areas of their weaknesses, use the opportunities and can take effective steps for facing the thr eats for the company (Mello, 2003, p.43). The SWOT analysis of the company is as follows Strength: The Company prefers to provide service locally. They followed the ‘

Strategy management - HBR Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategy management - HBR Article - Essay Example Companies which gained economies of scale across the borders have been encountered with a strategic shift where a company needs to adapt to the local conditions. Demand would be low for many years and companies needs to be well aware of the emerging competitors and constantly upgrade its reputation. The developing countries provides the best opportunity for companies but now the companies needs to focus more on customized products for that segment of richer countries that are underserved. This would facilitate more of product innovation at lower prices. The companies would even need to manage a diverse work force that would require more investments in new communication technologies and a powerful corporate identity. Any strategy formulation is done by a company in order to gain competitive advantage in the competitive business environment. There exits certain criteria’s that needs to incorporated in the process of strategy formulation. These criteria’s are based on market and products, operations and innovation, people and organization, and identity and reputation. The strategy formulated should encompass the factors of identification of emerging market competitors, investment in appropriate positions, and adaptability to the local differences (Clarke, Bennison and Guy, 1994, pp. 11-20). The component of market and products focus on those segments in every other country that is underserved, the price pressures should be recognized carefully so that the strategy do not only encompass premium pricing strategies rather the prices should be set on the basis of competition and the purchasing power of the consumers of the particular market segment, and addition of more innovative variet ies in the product offerings (Acur and Bititci, 2004, pp. 388-408). The operations and innovation factor deals with simplification of the supply chain activities, exploring the opportunity of off-shoring activities, shift the R&D activities where there exist the market

The CEO of WRSX Has Asked You to Write a Short Educational Piece That Essay

The CEO of WRSX Has Asked You to Write a Short Educational Piece That Will Be Given to the Board Of Directors - Essay Example They operate in United States, Europe as well as in Asia pacific. In a survey conducted on the marketing communications and advertising industry the score of the company was below average. Though the customer retention and attraction capability of the company is pretty good, but in other areas of business the performance of the company is not attractive for the investors. This report is an attempt to analyze the reasons of underperforming of the shares of WRSX group and recommend about the changes that may be undertaken by the company management to gain more market shares. The researcher will conduct internal analysis of the company and describe the benefits of internal analysis to the board of directors of the company. Internal Analysis For conducting the internal analysis of the company the researcher will use the SWOT analysis tool and the resource based view analysis (Snell and Bohlander, 2012, pp.53-54). Resource Based View The resource based view analysis of a company is conduc ted to analyze the resources available to the company which can be profitable when it is used strategically. For analyzing this, VRIN framework has been made by the researchers. This framework identifies the valuable, rare, in-imitable and non substitutable resources of the company (helfat, 2007, p.45). For the resource based view analysis the VRIO framework is used to identify the valuable resources and utilized them at their best (Peng, 2008, p.71). The analysis of WRSX using the VRIN framework is as follows. Valuable: The valuable asset of the company is the capability of the team to perform locally. They understand the local customer needs more. Rare: The capability of the company to attract the customers and retain them is the best in the concerned industry (Sanchez, 2008, p.34). This capability will provide them above average return if they use the resources strategically. In-imitable: There are no such in-imitable resources of the company. Other companies in the industry can imitate these resources available to them (McKinney, 2008, p.2). As the advertising and marketing communications is a fast moving industry, so there is enough chance for the company management to develop such resources. Non-Substitutable: The non-substitutable nature of the asset of a company means that the company owns such asset that cannot be imitated by the competitors by any means, and meet the customer needs (Carter, Clegg and Kornberger, 2011, p.87). WRSX doesn’t have such assets which can be substituted by some other asset. Though the company has some valuable resources but they are not using those strategically at present. SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis of the company is a popular tool for the analysts as it describes the strength, weakness, opportunities and threat of the company (Handlechner, 2008, p.10). Using this tool the management of the company can improve in the areas of their weaknesses, use the opportunities and can take effective steps for facing the thr eats for the company (Mello, 2003, p.43). The SWOT analysis of the company is as follows Strength: The Company prefers to provide service locally. They followed the ‘

Florida- Blind, Deaf, and Dumb Essay Example for Free

Florida- Blind, Deaf, and Dumb Essay Coleman already knew one thing for sure about his future, and that was that he wanted to make educating children his life’s work. Coleman knowing about the lack of educational decrees in Florida decided to take the opportunity to advantage, by writing to Governor William D. Bloxham asking for a sum of $20,000 minimum appropriation to start a school for the deaf and blind. Coleman’s hopes came true when in 1883 Florida’s legislature establishes an institution for blind and deaf children for two years at ,000. The location of the school was put to a biding between the towns in Florida. Captain Edward E. Vaill offered St. Augustine the biggest bid of $1,000 and 5 acres. The original three wood buildings were erected by contractor William A. MacDuff at $12,749. The school was completed in December 1884. The first class entered in 1892 with 62 students. The two first graduates were both deaf, their names were Artemas W. Pope of St. Augustine and Cora Carlton of Island Grove. The two later married and became parents of Florida Senator Verle A. Pope. The first blind student graduated in 1908. The first African American graduates were Louise Jones a blind student in 1914, and Cary White a deaf student in 1925. The school originally only had 5 trustees in 1905, until 1963 were there were 7. Taylor Hardwick began construction on new dormitories in late 1958 and opened in 1959. The school is now the largest of its type in the U. S. The school now has 47 buildings and 72 acres. The school’s annual budget is over $30 million dollars. The schools no longer an boarding school but, now a public school. It’s the only school in Florida that is pre-school through 12th grade. It also has a post-secondary program. The school is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges, and Schools. The Conference of Education Administrators serving the deaf, and the National Accreditation Council for Agencies Serving the Blind and visually handicapped. The school has two departments: the Deaf department, and the Blind department. The school also has outreach programs for parents, teachers, and other staff in small and rural school districts in Florida. The also has a healthcare center on campus for students, as well as two well-appointed auditoriums. The school boasts the Copeland recreation and fitness center, which is specially designed and constructed for the blind. The center is the site of the annual USABA’s youth national goalball tournament. Not only that but blind high school students get state of the art sound system within the school. The school has 11 sports you can join at the school: Football, Soccer, Volleyball, Basketball, Little League Baseball, Track, Cross Country, Swimming, Goalball, Wrestling, and Cheerleading. They have preforming arts groups, the deaf department has a traveling dance troupe, and the blind department has a band known as the OuttaSight. The school also has several clubs: the blind skier, academic bowl team (competitive), and a traveling math club called MathCounts. -Notable Alumni- * Ray Charles- He learned to read braille here. When he went to the school it was known as the Institute for the Blind, Deaf and Dumb. * Ashley Fiolek- A very well-known rider in motocross racing. * Marcus Roberts- A famous Jazz pianist. -My Perspective- I really enjoyed researching and writing this essay. Originally the essay was supposed to be about all deaf culture related things in Florida but, as I started one of the things that kept popping up was the Florida school for the Deaf and Blind. Since it kept popping up I clicked on it and was amazed that it was in St. Augustine (which is where I was going to go for spring break), and that it was the oldest school for the deaf in Florida. All of a sudden I knew that I wasn’t doing my project on the deaf culture in Florida but instead a certain school for the deaf in Florida. Then I realized I had to make a decision; the schools name is the school for the Deaf and Blind. Meaning I would have to decide if I wanted to do my project on the school as a whole which means the Deaf and Blind, or just the Deaf department. As you already know (because hopefully you read the essay) I choose to both. The reason I choose to do both is because if I’m writing (or typing) this essay about the school than I’m going to write about the school in a whole. When I saw the school in person was when I finally realized just how big 47 buildings and 72 acres is. the school is huge and looked like it could swallow are school times two. I wasn’t able to go into the school. I was also surprised that I didn’t see that many people who were either deaf or blind from what I could tell at least. I do remember seeing this one girl who was deaf a couple times, I think she might have been a tourist though because I saw her at a tourist spot. The first time I say her we were sitting across from each other at a restaurant. My dad kept telling me to go say hi, and I swear I told him a million times that I couldn’t and that it would be considered rude. All in all I feel extremely pleased with what I came up with for this essay, and I hope you are too.

Princess Diana The Beloved Princess Of Wales Film Studies Essay

Princess Diana The Beloved Princess Of Wales Film Studies Essay A woman of great integrity, charm and charisma who strived to make our world a better place to live, who could possibly fall under this statement? Of course it is none other than our dear Princess Diana. Diana was an influential woman who diligently carried out her royal duties and who interacted with her citizens in every way that was possible. She was also a woman who cared about the people in need and endeavoured to make their lives better. On the other hand, she was also a woman who constantly gained the attention of the press due to her love affairs. The statements made before are probably the impression Diana has left on everyone, but do we actually know her as a person? Surprisingly just like any normal person Diana had a rough childhood, then a fulfilling royal life, then a tragic death. Diana was born on July 1, 1961 in Sandringham to Viscount Althorp and Frances Spencer where she was the third child of the family of five (Buskin 10). When Diana was born her parents were not so welcoming because they very much wanted a boy who could carry on the family name. Therefore Dianas christening was second-rate, and was not attended by very many people. Then finally in May 1964 the couple gave birth to a male child called Charles, and by the time Charles was born the relationship of Dianas parents was slowly deteriorating (Buskin 11). Of course the children were completely oblivious to the friction in their parents relationship, and was well looked after by servants and nannies in their mansion, Park House. Then in 1969 Viscount Althorp and Frances Spencer were officially divorced in court, and the father received full custody of the children. When this decision was ruled out, Diana was very upset and missed her mother greatly. Therefore she went through a period of emotiona l confusion and depression. Then when she found out she was being sent off to a girls only boarding school called Riddlesworth Hall she thought she was being rejected by her own parents (Buskin 18). As a result she went through another great period of misery and depression. However, when she commenced school she became very outgoing and popular and very quickly got used to school routine. Then Diana moved to the West Heath boarding school where she undertook her ordinary levels (O-levels). Unfortunately, Diana did not pass any of her O-levels, therefore she left school at the age of 16 as a failure in academics (Buskin 19). When she left school she began babysitting, and she found out that she enjoyed working with children. Hence not long after Diana became a teachers assistant at the Young England Kindergarten. Then not long after as a teachers assistant Diana met Prince Charles, and started to accompany him to several events. And this was the start of attention towards Diana by the press and by the people of the United Kingdom. She was almost always constantly being followed by photographers and journalists because of her sightings with Prince Charles. Then after a short period of time in July 29, 1981 Prince Charles married Diana and Diana officially gained the title Her Royal Highness Princess of Wales (Mattern 36). Then on June 21, 1982 Diana gave birth to Prince William at St. Marys hospital. Then on September 15, 1984 she gave birth to Prince Henry. After that in March 1982 Princess Diana and Prince Charles toured Australia and New Zealand, which was believed to be extremely successful due to the positive feedback from the people (Mattern 47). Then when Princess Diana returned from the tour she became very involved with helping sick people in hospitals and supported many charities. Sh e proves this with her infamous quote Carry out a random act of kindness, with no expectation of reward, safe in the knowledge that one day someone might do the same for you, (The Saddest Fairy Tale).   Thus she went on many trips to Africa where she became the first known celebrity to hug a person with AIDS (The Saddest Fairy Tale). This act of kindness made Dianas popularity boost immensely. Not long after that Diana opened the first hospital in Britain dedicated to AIDS patients in 1987. Then in 1989 Diana visited the Henry Street Shelter in New York for the homeless, where she made a colossal impact by showing to the public that she genuinely cared about the homeless (Mattern 60). Although Diana preferred charity work she also had to participate in many royal tours for example a 17-day trip in 1991, where she attended 19 film premieres, 7 lunches, 25 receptions, and 108 visits (Mattern 62). By 1992 Diana was a patron or the president of more than 29 charities, for example the National AIDS Trust, but by then her relationship with Prince Charles was becoming unstable (Mattern 65-66). Therefore by the end of 1992 Prince Charles demanded that a separation should be settled with Princess Diana (Buskin, 82). Diana agreed and the divorce became official when the British Prime Minister, John Major announced the royal separation in the House of Commons on December 9, 1992 (Mattern 74). Then on August 28, 1996 the final divorce decree was issued and Princess Diana lost her title Her Royal Highness. Although Diana was stripped of her title she still actively participated in charity work, and in 1997 she went on a trip to Angola to assist them with their landmine issue (Buskin 84). Soon after her humanitarian trip to Angola Diana decided to auction her dresses to the public, which auctioned for  £2.19 million, then gave all the money to charity (Dresses of Diana). Shortly after her mammoth contributions to charity she started to spend her time with a forty-two ye ar old Egyptian movie director called Dodi Al Fayed in Nice, France. This immediately grabbed the attention of the media and very soon there were pictures of Diana and Al Fayed in newspapers and magazines all over the world. August 30, 1997 was any normal romantic day for Al Fayed and Diana at the Ritz hotel in Paris, but the down-side was that they were always being furiously chased by paparazzis. Therefore after being chased by paprazzis for around 12 hours straight the couple decided to leave at around 12:20 am. So the couple got in their black Mercedes car with their driver Henri Paul, and the bodyguard Trevor Rees-Jones. Not surprisingly the moment the black Mercedes started to pull out of the hotel around six paparazzis followed in mad pursuit on motorcycles. Therefore, Henri Paul was driving at more than a 100 miles per hour through Paris going well over Paris speed limit of 30 miles per hour. Then when Paul approached the Alma Tunnel at high-speed he hit a dip at the entrance, which made the vehicle go airborne. Not long after that the black Mercedes hit a white car in front then swerved and slammed into two of the columns in the tunnel (Mattern 109-110). According to the police records Henri Pau l and Dodi Al Fayed were instantly killed, but Trevor Rees Jones lived and Diana was in a severe state on the verge of death (Mattern 110). After six minutes the first ambulance arrived, which treated Diana for 45 minutes in an attempt to stabilise her. Then at 2:00 am the paramedics transported Diana to the Pitià ©-Salpà ©trià ¨re hospital, which was one of most well equipped hospitals in Paris. By the time Diana reached the hospital she was in a cardiac arrest, and losing a great deal of blood internally according to reports from the doctors who treated her. Consequently Princess Diana died at around 4:00 am on August 31, 1997 (Diana Crash Was Not An Accident). Soon after her death there were articles and reports about her death almost everywhere causing grief and shock to everyone who loved the princess. Even Prince Charles was greatly shocked, and in a state of grief when he heard of this tragic news. Soon people from all over the world were mourning over this tragic event, a nd British Prime Minister Tony Blair stated This is going to produce a real public grief on a scale that is hard to imagine. (Mattern 113) Tony Blair was right, soon there were thousands of stuffed animals, flowers, and candles were laid at Dianas home, Kensington Palace, and even a memorial was erected at the Alma Tunnel in Paris. Also to add on to that the Union Jack at Buckingham Palace was lowered to half-mast for the first time. (1997: Dianas Funeral Watched by Millions). Dianas actual funeral was held on September 6, 1997 in Westminster Abbey, which was viewed by more than 2.5 billion people over the television (1997: Dianas Funeral Watched by Millions). In conclusion, Diana was a peoples princess who cared and interacted with everyday citizens attempting to make their lives better. She also was a woman of humility who reached out to those in need and intervened in big issues to make a difference. To add on to that Diana diligently carried out her royal duties. Although Diana might have had a tough childhood and a terrible death she still made a great influence on humanity. Therefore she will always remain in our hearts as a princess who gave all her effort to be a peoples princess. Works Cited Page Buskin, Richard. Diana. Illinois: Publications International, Ltd., 1992 Dresses of Diana. British Heritage Oct-Nov 1999: 16. Ebsco Host. Yongsan International School Lib., Seoul, Korea. 4 May 2010 Mattern, Joanne. Princess Diana. New York: DK Publishing, Inc., 2006 Palmer, Richard. Diana Crash Was Not an Accident. Daily Express Sept. 2009 The Saddest Fairy Tale. Time.com.1998. Time Magazine. 1 May 2010 . 1997: Dianas Funeral Watched by Millions. bbc.co.uk. 6 Sept. 1997. British Broadcasting Corporation. 30 April 2010 .

Research Comparison Paper -- Health, Diseases, Depression

INTRODUCTION Overview Depression is when a person’s feelings of sadness and worthlessness control how they handle daily activities and relationships (National Institute of Mental Health 2009). This illness is something that most people need to be treated for (National Institute of Mental Health 2009). In the study Quality of Life in Depression, several patients are looked at to see what their quality of life is with depression. One of the aspects that the study found about depression is that even after people are treated for depression the person may still ridding themselves of the illness completely (Ay-Woan et al 2005). With depression being so prevalent in society today there is a need for more treatments. There are many different types of treatments offered to people with this illness. Since not every treatment works for everyone there is a need for a variety of solutions. Some of the treatments involve pharmaceutical drugs and others involve psychological treatment. There has controversy as to which treatment works better. This paper compares one type of pharmaceutical treatment and one psychological treatment. Background In order to explain the different treatments there needs to be some key terms defined. First, a neurotransmitter is a â€Å"chemical by which a nerve cell communicates with another nerve cell or with a muscle† (Collins English Dictionary 2009). This is important because this is affected by serotonin. Serotonin is a chemical in the brain that helps maintain sleeping, eating, and mood patterns (Carlson 2001). This chemical is transported by neurotransmitters in the brain. If a person’s serotonin levels are down it can disrupt their daily activities. Serotonin levels are not the only causes of depression. Fluo... ...ent people. If the author had to choose, it would have to be the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy because it has more positive aspects then Prozac. When looking closely at both treatments Prozac has many downfalls. With Prozac there are many side effects to taking the pharmaceutical drug. There is a long list of the different ways Prozac can negatively affect the human body. Drowsiness, nausea, nervousness, skin rashes, sexual dysfunction, and insomnia can all be avoided if a person would not take them. There is still the argument that people cannot change the chemicals in their brain with just therapy. The author believes that if a person can help taking the medications, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy would be a much better, safer choice. The only side effect to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is the treatment not working and all the person would lose is there time.

Everchanging Technology :: Internet Technology Computer Essays

Everchanging Technology Works cited missing While first considering how to go about completing this assignment, I tried to keep in mind the one constant characteristic of technology: it is always changing. Technology seems to change faster than most can keep pace with. Even simple tasks like writing letters has changed dramatically over the past few decades. Twenty years ago, the postal system was the most common way for people to communicate through writing. Now people use e-mail, allowing them to communicate with anyone in the world at the click of a mouse. Other activities associated with writing have also made a shift to computers, condemning devices like the typewriter and the pencil to relative obscurity. The fact that technology is always changing and that things that were once thought of as conveniences can quickly become outdated became my inspiration for this assignment. One can think of past technologies like the typewriter as being left behind to wither and die, which is why I chose to use a watermelon as my canvas to write on. The watermelon perfectly represents the "life span" of technology. When you buy a watermelon, as with any perishable item, you know that it has a limited shelf life before it rots and becomes unusable. Technology can be thought of in the same way, even though the process takes a longer period of time. Take the CD for example. In the 1980s, compact disks became preferable to vinyl records by most consumers because of better sound quality and overall convenience. Now that mp3 technology is beginning to expand, it seems that CDs might soon become obsolete. My goal for the assignment was to stay as close to using all "natural" materials as possible and although I got the watermelon from a grocery store, I think that I accomplished that objective. Besides the watermelon the only other object I used was a sharp rock that I found outside my apartment. I used the rock to carve "all technology will rot someday" into the melon. I feel that statement illustrates the point that I am trying to make about the relationship between writing and technology. One of the criteria for this assignment was the permanence of what we created. But because technology does not seem to have any permanence itself (especially when applied to writing technology), I decided to focus more on the use of natural materials and the creative aspect of the project. Everchanging Technology :: Internet Technology Computer Essays Everchanging Technology Works cited missing While first considering how to go about completing this assignment, I tried to keep in mind the one constant characteristic of technology: it is always changing. Technology seems to change faster than most can keep pace with. Even simple tasks like writing letters has changed dramatically over the past few decades. Twenty years ago, the postal system was the most common way for people to communicate through writing. Now people use e-mail, allowing them to communicate with anyone in the world at the click of a mouse. Other activities associated with writing have also made a shift to computers, condemning devices like the typewriter and the pencil to relative obscurity. The fact that technology is always changing and that things that were once thought of as conveniences can quickly become outdated became my inspiration for this assignment. One can think of past technologies like the typewriter as being left behind to wither and die, which is why I chose to use a watermelon as my canvas to write on. The watermelon perfectly represents the "life span" of technology. When you buy a watermelon, as with any perishable item, you know that it has a limited shelf life before it rots and becomes unusable. Technology can be thought of in the same way, even though the process takes a longer period of time. Take the CD for example. In the 1980s, compact disks became preferable to vinyl records by most consumers because of better sound quality and overall convenience. Now that mp3 technology is beginning to expand, it seems that CDs might soon become obsolete. My goal for the assignment was to stay as close to using all "natural" materials as possible and although I got the watermelon from a grocery store, I think that I accomplished that objective. Besides the watermelon the only other object I used was a sharp rock that I found outside my apartment. I used the rock to carve "all technology will rot someday" into the melon. I feel that statement illustrates the point that I am trying to make about the relationship between writing and technology. One of the criteria for this assignment was the permanence of what we created. But because technology does not seem to have any permanence itself (especially when applied to writing technology), I decided to focus more on the use of natural materials and the creative aspect of the project.

Peer Relationships

Having arrived at the gateway to adulthood, the teenage years are an exciting time of freedom, no responsibilities, and supposedly the best time of your life; unfortunately it is not always a cake walk. Whether it is maintaining good grades or keeping up with what the plans are for the weekend, there is a serious amount of pressure throughout high school and it becomes easy to get lost in the madness. Studies show that the qualities of peer relationships at this time are key contributors to mental health now and throughout life.Positive relationships are beneficial to young adults because it helps in gaining a sense of what good social interactions are and produces equal or greater relationships in the future. On the flip side, poor peer relationships can have negative effects on adulthood mental health and social relations. Unforgiving social cliques and high societal expectations are a few causes of the shrinking of teen self-esteem and disruption of stable mental well-being. When students start high school they quickly find their place on the social ladder.Some students find themselves at to top, some find a place in the middle they’re comfortable with, and others are sometimes cast out and pushed to the bottom by the rest. Social status and cliques rank unnecessarily high in importance amongst adolescents; teens are consistently pressured to maintain their high social standing. This chronic stress leads to their disengagement from classroom activities (McGrath & Noble, 2010). Even pupils that seem to be at the top of their social ladder develop conflict among one another, disrupting school performance.These students become more focused on the trifling drama and maintaining social stature and find the importance of school beginning to decline. Research conducted by Helen McGrath and Toni Noble shows that, young adults that have poor relationships with their peers, show lower levels of school achievement and higher levels of school avoidance. Once teen agers’ attention is elsewhere in the classroom, they begin to fall behind on school work due to the fact that they are more focused on their life outside of school.Bad study habits can develop if they are engrossed in their social life and they can carry those bad study habits with them through high school to college. Pupils with high social standing are not the only ones affected by negative peer relationships; it influences students at the bottom of the social ladder as well. The so called â€Å"bottom† of the social ladder is made up of persons that have often times been rejected by their peers for one reason or another; they may dress different, act a certain way, or lack some sort of attribute that society believes is necessary.Students that are excluded from their peers still seek the same social fulfillment as others; in a way this causes them to be more desperate for that fulfillment. Being bullied by social exclusion may appear less visibly harmful than verbal or physical forms of bullying but may be more detrimental to children’s participation in learning activities and have more impact on their academic outcomes, states McGrath and Noble.Social exclusion and bullying can go even further than classroom disengagement; as a result of bullying, people can lose their ability to love and trust, denying them the chance to experience a quality relationship later in their life. They might find themselves as a submissive partner or they may want to be completely alone. Aside from its long-term effects, some consequences of bullying can be seen and felt immediately. When one calls another a harsh name, the victim might cry, just like a bruise might appear after a punch to the arm. However, some effects of bullying are not always obvious to the naked eye.The results of bullying might grow and appear over time, damaging a person in profound ways for the long term. Victims often develop eating disorders, begin to self-injure, or require exten sive counseling. Social bullying can also leave people without a supportive group of friends that they can lean on and spend time with. Isolation amongst peers has negative repercussions towards young adult mental health because at this age, according to Kingsly Nyarko of the University of Ghana’s psychology department, being accepted by peers has important implications for adjustment both during adolescence and into adulthood.Friends are supporters and motivators, they help you feel better when you’re sad and can talk you through any problems you are facing. When that support is missing from a person’s life, they have no one to talk to, making them feel alone and excluded. This can damage an adolescent’s ability to maintain healthy friendships and possess adequate social skills. Being teased, rejected or socially excluded by other pupils on an ongoing basis has been identified as the single most common characteristic of children who are at high risk for developing emotional and behavioral disorders (McGrath & Noble, 2010).Isolation makes adolescents feel as if there is something wrong with them, thus lowering self-esteem and creating disorders such as anorexia, depression, anxiety and bipolar disorders. Some individuals recover from loneliness by using their own strategies, or by letting time do the healing. Others require outside professional help. The most obvious approach is to help people develop satisfying personal relationships. This can be done by improving how they interact with others through social skills training or forms of psychotherapy aimed at changing dysfunctional interpersonal dispositions (e. g. fear of rejection). It can also be done by improving opportunities for interactions through programs aimed at removing barriers for social interaction (e. g. , providing transportation) or at bringing people together (e. g. , discussion groups). Major depressive disorders in early adulthood range from 10%-17% (Maughan & C ollishaw & Stringaris, 2012). One of the biggest issues for teens is fitting in. Society tells young adults that they need to act a certain way or look a certain way, and when a teen doesn’t feel they follow that socially acceptable conduct, they often become repressed within themselves.They want to be accepted and there is a fear of being alone and not being wanted. Popularity is a huge social factor for any teen, especially in High School. Everyone wants to be part of the â€Å"in crowd† and if you cannot be a part of them, you want to dress like them or act like them. Pressures like this do tend to be worse for girls; about twice as likely to be affected as men (Maughan et al. , 2012). Girls feel the need to please others and seek approval while boys learn that it is ok to be themselves and do their own thing.Boys tend to be able to deal better with these social issues then girls do. They are able to put events behind them, and not depend upon others for reassuring them of their self-worth. One example is when an adolescent boy and girl are equally interested in each other; the boys seem to be able to cope with love's losses better than girls do. They put it behind them and move on, while girls focus on the breakup and keep talking about it, stirring the emotional pot. These depressive episodes are not just short term; 50-70% are likely to develop a further episode within five years (Maughan et al. 2012). However, sometimes depression can be avoided all together. Having a good home life and a high self-esteem would be primary for people not to be depressed. Although in some cases you are predisposition to have depression, little things do help. Talking about your problems and not bottling them up helps immensely to avoid emotional breakdowns and blowups. Avoiding extreme â€Å"stressers,† like putting yourself in a situation you cannot get out of, also helps. Avoidance of cigarettes and alcohol also helps with staying healthy and happy. Despite the vast amount of negative effects peer relationships have on young adults there are a substantial amount of positive effects as well. When healthy peer relationships are established early on, they positively affect every aspect of everyday life; one facet being school attendance and performance. The link between pupil engagement, achievement and well-being appears to is bi-directional, i. e. the more pupils are actively engaged and achieving in learning, the greater their sense of well-being and vice versa (McGrath ; Noble, 2010).When students are treated well by other pupils it makes them more enthused about participation in school activities. Positive peer relationships are also linked to higher levels of school attendance and pupil engagement with learning and a reduction in the likelihood of dropping out in secondary school (McGrath ; Noble, 2008). When students find their school environment to be supportive and caring, they are less likely to become involved in substa nce abuse, violence, and other problem behaviors.They are more likely to develop positive attitudes toward themselves and pro-social attitudes and behaviors toward others; supportive schools foster these positive outcomes by promoting students’ sense of â€Å"connectedness†, â€Å"belongingness†, or â€Å"community† during the school day. Additionally, this time during adolescence is imperative because, the development of strong interpersonal skills and relationships during emerging adulthood is an essential component of effective career and role functioning throughout the adult life span.Comments by others, particularly parents and peers, reflect appraisals of the individual that some adolescents may incorporate as part of their identity and feelings about themselves (Nyarko, 2012). Negative experiences in early adulthood are often particularly damaging to self-esteem. In early years, personality and sense of self is being formed, and harmful experiences can leave one feeling that they are not valued or important.Even though one is close to adulthood, there has still been too little amount of time to build any resilience, so these negative views can become the ones that teens believe about themselves. The way one may view them self can be tainted by society’s ideas of ‘beauty’; this is where helpful friendships are essential. When a teen’s self-esteem is disintegrating they need constructive re-affirmation to keep a positive attitude; this can be accomplished through strong friendships.Frequently, the friendships we make during our youth fade or dwindle as we grow up and move on to new places in life. Yet when our childhood and school-year friends stay with us into adulthood, they are often the most important friends we have. Our common history and the length of time that our connection has continued becomes the glue that keeps us together, even if we’ve changed significantly from when we first met . Our most valuable friends are the ones with whom we feel the deepest connection and greatest trust.It is with these friends that we share our fears, secrets, desires and problems and dreams. There are many unexpected benefits from this type of relationship, including such things as lessening stress, limiting depression, lowering blood pressure, keeping our minds agile, and lessening the debilitating effects of old age. Research has even shown that people with close friendships are more likely to exercise regularly, avoid excessive alcohol and even be more inclined to quit smoking. Positive peer relationships in early adulthood have positive effects on self-esteem.Chen, Cohen, Johson, and Kasen (2008) summary article on Psychiatric disorders during adolescence and relationships with peers found that, during adolescence, friends are providers of companionship, social and emotional support, and intimate self-disclosure and reflection. Group activities such as sports are an effective way to gain self-esteem boosting encouragement and relationships. Being involved in a team allows teens to build relationships and social skills that will help them further in life. Other group activities such as school extracurriculars have similar constructive effects on teen contentment.Peer relationships play an important role in pshyco-social development and well-being throughout life (Chen et al. , 2008). Young adults’ body image often times can be influenced by their relationship with peers. For some it is viewed as the lowest point in their life; others claim it to be the highlight of their years. No matter what personal opinion individuals express, it is evident that early adulthood is a key turning point in life. The experiences at this time, positive or negative, set the very foundation for later adulthood.